Summer heat safety tips in South Carolina
Summer in South Carolina brings longer days and more time outdoors, but high temperatures and humidity can quickly become dangerous. Heat-related illnesses can affect anyone, especially children, older adults, people with chronic medical conditions and those who work or exercise outdoors. Knowing the warning signs and taking simple precautions can help you and your family stay safe.
For prolonged activity in the heat, drink water regularly. A useful guideline for moderate activity is about one cup, or 8 ounces, every 15 to 20 minutes.
Heat exhaustion occurs when the body loses too much water and salt, usually through heavy sweating. Symptoms may include headache, nausea, dizziness, weakness, thirst, irritability, heavy sweating, an elevated body temperature and decreased urine output.
If you notice these symptoms, stop your activity and move to a cool, shaded or air-conditioned place. Loosen unnecessary clothing, apply cool, wet cloths or take a cool shower or bath. Sip cool water or a beverage containing electrolytes. If symptoms worsen, do not improve or include confusion, fainting or other changes in mental status, seek medical attention immediately.
Thompson
The best treatment is prevention. Before heading outdoors, check the temperature, heat index and local heat advisories. Whenever possible, schedule strenuous activities for the cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or evening. Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing, take frequent breaks in the shade or air conditioning and do not wait until you feel thirsty to drink.
For prolonged activity in the heat, drink water regularly. A useful guideline for moderate activity is about one cup, or 8 ounces, every 15 to 20 minutes. If you are sweating for several hours, beverages with electrolytes may also be helpful. Avoid excessive alcohol, which can contribute to dehydration. People with heart or kidney disease, or those who take medications that affect fluid balance or the body’s response to heat, should ask their healthcare provider about the safest hydration plan.
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Heatstroke is the most serious heat-related illness and is a medical emergency. It occurs when the body can no longer control its temperature. Body temperature may rise rapidly, often to 104 degrees or higher.
Warning signs include confusion, altered behavior, slurred speech, loss of consciousness, seizures and a very high body temperature. The skin may be hot and dry, but a person with heatstroke may also be sweating heavily.
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Call 911 immediately if heatstroke is suspected. Move the person to a cooler area and begin rapid cooling while waiting for emergency help. Remove excess clothing and cool the person with cold water, wet cloths or ice packs placed around the head, neck, armpits and groin. Do not give fluids to someone who is confused or unconscious.
Sun protection is another important part of summer safety. Wear a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses and protective clothing when possible. Apply a broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher to exposed skin. Reapply about every two hours and immediately after swimming or sweating. Remember that ultraviolet rays can still damage your skin on cloudy days.
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Never leave a child, older adult or pet in a parked vehicle, even for a few minutes. Temperatures inside a vehicle can rise rapidly and become deadly.
Summer should be a time to enjoy the outdoors, not end up in the emergency room. Pay attention to your body, watch out for family members and neighbors, stay hydrated and take the heat seriously. A few simple precautions can help everyone enjoy a safer, healthier summer.
Dr. Chelsea N. Thompson serves patients at McLeod Primary Care Marion, where she provides comprehensive care for all ages. She is now accepting new patients. To schedule an appointment, call 843-464-7111.
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